Text extracted from opening pages of book: TL CARNIVOROUS PLANTS BY
FRANCIS ERNEST LLOYD D. Sc. k c. ( Wal f, ); F. R. S. C., F. L. S.
Emeritus Professor of Botany, M. cGill University 1942 WALTHAM,
MASS., U. S. A. Puomned oy the Cnronica Botanica Company First
published MCMXLH By the Chronica Botanica Company of Waltham,
Mass., U. S. A. All rights reserved New York, N. Y.: G. E. Stechert
and Co., 31 East loth Street. San Francisco, CaL: J. W. Stacey,
Inc., 236-238 Flood Building. Toronto 2: Wm. Dawson Subscription
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Angus and Robertson, Ltd., 89 Castlereagh Street. Made and printed
in the U. S. A. PREFACE The experience which has led to the writing
of this book began in 1929 when, examining a species related to
Utricularia gibba, / made an observation of some importance in
understanding the mechanism of the trap. This begot a desire to
study as many other species of the genus as I could obtain for com
parison, primarily to determine the validity of my conclusions. My
feeling that research in this field was promising was strengthened
by the discovery that the pertinent literature was singularly
barren of the information most needed, that is to say, precise
accounts of the structure of theentrance mechanisms of the traps.
And an examination of much herbarium material, because of the
meagreness of the underground parts of the terrestrial types
resulting from indifferent methods of collection, forced the
conclusion that, even had other difficulties inherent in studying
dried material not intervened, it would be necessary to obtain
adequately preserved specimens. This meant a wide cor re spondence
and, if possible, extensive travel. The uncertainty of achieving
the latter made the former imperative. The responses to my requests
for help were numerous and generous from all parts of the world,
with the result that there came to me from many sources well
preserved material which fairly represented the genus, for it
brought to me some 100 of the total of 250 or more species. The
most lavish single contribu tion was put at my disposal by my
teacher and friend, KARL VON GOEBEL, who gave me a collection of
Utricularia collected by him in the tropics of the Old and New
Worlds, and in temperate Australia. Many others, while they may
have contributed less in amount, could have been no less generous,
for the work of collecting, preserving, packing and posting
specimens is by no means an easy job. Travels included two
journeys, one to Africa and one to Africa and Aus tralia, the
latter made possible by a parting gift from my colleagues of McGill
University on my retirement from the Macdonald Chair of Botany in
1935. At the university centres visited I was afforded all kinds of
help: laboratory space, guidance to promising localities and means
of transportation. Several summers were spent also at the Botanical
Institute of the University of Munich on the original invitation of
ProfessorGOEBEL, seconded, after his death, by Professor F. VON
WETTSTEIN and his successor Dr. F. C. VON FABER. During my
preoccupation with Utricularia / had to prepare two presi dential
addresses, and I was thus led, as has many another in like circum
stances, to give an account of the whole field of plant carnivory.
My interests were widened in this way, and soon I became imbued
with the idea of bringing together, and perhaps of adding to, our
knowledge of this fascinating group of plants. This extended my
list of desiderata. On my requests sent to various correspondent
General
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