The Somali people are fiercely nationalistic. Colonialism split
them into five segments divided between four different powers. Thus
decolonisation and pan-Somalism became synonymous. In 1960 a
partial reunification took place between British Somaliland and
Somalia Italiana. 'Africa Confidential' wrote at the time that the
new Somali state would never be beset by tribal division but this
discounted the existence of powerful clans within Somali society
and the persistence of colonial administrative cultures. The
collapse of parliamentary democracy in 1969 and the resulting
army-and clanic- dictatorship that followed led to a civil war in
the 'perfect' national state. It lasted fourteen years in the
'British' North and is still raging today in the 'Italian' South.
Somaliland 're-birthed' itself through an enormous solo effort but
the viable nation so recreated within its former colonial borders
was never internationally recognised and still struggles to exist
economically and diplomatically. This book recounts an African
success story where the peace so widely acclaimed by the
international community has had no reward but its own lonely
achievement.
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