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Modality, Subjectivity, and Semantic Change - A Cross-Linguistic Perspective (Hardcover, New)
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Modality, Subjectivity, and Semantic Change - A Cross-Linguistic Perspective (Hardcover, New)
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This book is a cross-linguistic exploration of semantic and
functional change in modal markers. Its approach is broadly
functional typological but makes frequent reference to work in
formal semantics by scholars such as Angelika Kratzer and Paul
Portner. The author starts by considering what modality is and how
it relates to and differs from subjectivity. He argues that
modality cannot be defined in terms of subjectivity: both concepts
are independent of each other, the first exhibiting different
degrees of subjectivity, and the second being operative in a much
wider range of grammatical and lexical categories. Subjectivity, he
suggests, should not be defined solely in terms of performativity,
evidentiality, or construal, but rather from the interplay of
multiple semantic and pragmatic factors. He then presents a
two-dimensional model for the descriptive representation of
modality, based on the notion that among the many aspects of modal
meaning, volitivity and speech-act-orientation versus
event-orientation are two of its most salient parameters. He shows
that it is especially the dimension of speech-act orientation
versus event-orientation, parallel to category climbing in syntax,
that is operative in diachronic change. Numerous examples of
diachronic change within modality and between modality and other
categories are then examined with respect to their directionality.
With a focus on Japanese and to a lesser extent Chinese the book is
a countercheck to hypotheses built on the Indo-European languages.
It also contains numerous illustrations from other languages.
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