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Malleus Maleficarum - Hammer of the Witches (Paperback)
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Malleus Maleficarum - Hammer of the Witches (Paperback)
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The Malleus Maleficarum (Latin for "Hammer of the Witches," or "Der
Hexenhammer" in German) is a famous treatise on witches, written in
1486 by Heinrich Kramer, an Inquisitor of the Catholic Church, and
was first published in Germany in 1487. Jacob Sprenger is also
often attributed as an author, but some scholars now believe that
he became associated with the Malleus Maleficarum largely as a
result of Kramer's wish to lend his book as much official authority
as possible. In 1484 Kramer made one of the first attempts at a
systematic persecution of witches in the region of Tyrol. It was
not a success, Kramer was thrown out of the territory, and
dismissed by the local bishop as a "senile old man." According to
Diarmaid MacCulloch, writing the book was Kramer's act of
self-justification and revenge. Some scholars have suggested that
following the failed efforts in Tyrol, Kramer and Sprenger
requested and received a papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus
in 1484. It allegedly gave full papal approval for the Inquisition
to prosecute witchcraft in general and for Kramer and Sprenger
specifically. Malleus Maleficarum was written in 1484 or 1485 and
the papal bull was included as part of the preface. The main
purpose of the Malleus was to attempt to systematically refute
arguments claiming that witchcraft does not exist, discredit those
who expressed skepticism about its reality, to claim that witches
were more often women than men, and to educate magistrates on the
procedures that could find them out and convict them. Kramer was
denounced by the Inquisition in 1490.
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