From fads, crazes, and manias to collective delusions, scares,
panics, and mass hysterias, history is replete with examples of
remarkable social behavior. Many are fueled by fear and
uncertainty; others are driven by hope and expectation. For others
still, the causes are more obscure. This massive collection of
extraordinary social behaviors spans more than two millennia, and
attempts to place many of the episodes within their greater
historical and cultural context. Perhaps the most well known
example of unusual collective behavior occurred in 1938, when a
million or more Americans were frightened or panicked after
listening to a realistic radio drama about a Martian invasion of
New Jersey, based on an adaptation of the H.G. Wells novel "War of
the Worlds." Less known but equally remarkable scares based on
Wells' book occurred in Chile in 1944 (when Army units were
mobilized), in Ecuador in 1949 (when riots broke out, leaving more
than a dozen dead), as well as in Buffalo in 1968, Rhode Island in
1974, and Europe in 1988 and 1998. The modern civilized world is by
no means immune to such peculiar episodes. In the late 20th
century, scores of people in the U.S. and Europe were wrongly
incarcerated following claims of Satanic ritual abuse by
authorities untutored in False Memory Syndrome. This episode
recalls the European witch terror of the late Middle Ages, when
innocent people were tortured and executed for consorting with the
Devil based on the flimsiest of evidence. OUTBREAK THE ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF EXTRAORDINARY SOCIAL BEHAVIOR is an authoritative reference on a
broad range of topics: collective behavior, deviance, social and
perceptual psychology, sociology, history, folklore, religious
studies, political science, social anthropology, gender studies,
critical thinking, and mental health. Never before have so many
sources been brought together on the mesmerizing topic of
collective behavior.
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