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The Secular Clergy in England, 1066-1216 (Hardcover)
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The Secular Clergy in England, 1066-1216 (Hardcover)
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The secular clergy - priests and other clerics outside of monastic
orders - were among the most influential and powerful groups in
European society during the central Middle Ages. The secular clergy
got their title from the Latin word for world, saeculum, and
secular clerics kept the Church running in the world beyond the
cloister wall, with responsibility for the bulk of pastoral care
and ecclesiastical administration. This gave them enormous
religious influence, although they were considered too worldly by
many contemporary moralists - trying, for instance, to oppose the
elimination of clerical marriage and concubinage. Although their
worldliness created many tensions, it also gave the secular clergy
much worldly influence. Contemporaries treated elite secular
clerics as equivalent to knights, and some were as wealthy as minor
barons. Secular clerics had a huge role in the rise of royal
bureaucracy, one of the key historical developments of the period.
They were instrumental to the intellectual and cultural flowering
of the twelfth century, the rise of the schools, the creation of
the book trade, and the invention of universities. They performed
music, produced literature in a variety of genres and languages,
and patronized art and architecture. Indeed, this volume argues
that they contributed more than any other group to the
Twelfth-Century Renaissance. Yet the secular clergy as a group have
received almost no attention from scholars, unlike monks, nuns, or
secular nobles. In The Secular Clergy in England, 1066-1216, Hugh
Thomas aims to correct this deficiency through a major study of the
secular clergy below the level of bishop in England from 1066 to
1216.
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