Compulsory schooling is widely held to be a creation of modern
industrial society. Yet already in the eighteenth century, Prussian
and Austrian rulers attempted to introduce universal education in
societies that were overwhelmingly rural and 'premodern'. Focusing
on the reigns of Frederick the Great of Prussia (1740-86) and Maria
Theresa of Austria (1740-80), this 1988 book examines the origins,
aims, and achievements of the compulsory school movements in those
states. It draws on a broad range of sources in showing how school
reform was part of a broader campaign to strengthen relationships
of authority and dependence. Local resistance as well as the
contradictory aims of absolutist rule severely limited the success
of school reform. But in their effort to promote literate culture
on an unprecedented scale, reformers established pedagogical
institutions and practices that would decisively shape public
education not only in Central Europe, but throughout the West.
General
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