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Jesuit Civil Wars - Theology, Politics and Government under Tirso Gonzalez (1687-1705) (Hardcover, New Ed)
Loot Price: R4,430
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Jesuit Civil Wars - Theology, Politics and Government under Tirso Gonzalez (1687-1705) (Hardcover, New Ed)
Series: Catholic Christendom, 1300-1700
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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Founded in 1540, the Society of Jesus quickly established itself as
one of the most dynamic, influential but divisive orders within
early-modern Catholicism. Yet whilst the order's role in combating
Protestantism, reforming the Catholic Church and advising rulers
during its first century has been well documented, much less is
understood about its later years. Covering the generalate of Tirso
GonzA!lez (1687-1705), this book offers a window onto Jesuit
politics and theology during the late seventeenth century.
GonzA!lez's generalate was dominated by two crises - one political,
the other theological - both of which were to have important
ramifications for the Jesuits and the wider Catholic world. The
first of these was the confrontation between Louis XIV and the
Papacy over the question of control of the church in France.
GonzA!lez strongly and publicly supported Pope Innocent XI's
primacy over the French clergy, despite widespread opposition from
many French Jesuits who took a more 'Gallican' position. The second
crisis revolved around GonzA!lez's opposition to the theory of
'Probabilism', to which the bulk of Jesuits subscribed. His
publication of a book opposing a theological position that was
deeply ingrained within the order, provided another fracture line
that was to generate much heat. Whilst both crises were essentially
matters for the Jesuits, this study demonstrates how they developed
and played themselves out on a wide, international and increasingly
public stage, showing how contending identities were forged from
apparently narrow but intense and durable conflicts. As such, the
book not only illuminates the role and theology of GonzA!lez, but
also the tensions within late seventeenth-century Catholicism. It
contends that, by the end of the century, Catholic confessional
culture appears unable to resolve its contradictory relationship to
the individual, which it empowers and dismisses at the same time.
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