Holocaust memorials and museums face a difficult task as their
staffs strive to commemorate and document horror. On the one hand,
the events museums represent are beyond most people's experiences.
At the same time they are often portrayed by theologians, artists,
and philosophers in ways that are already known by the public.
Museum administrators and curators have the challenging role of
finding a creative way to present Holocaust exhibits to avoid
cliched or dehumanizing portrayals of victims and their suffering.
In "Holocaust Memory Reframed," Jennifer Hansen-Glucklich examines
representations in three museums: Israel's Yad Vashem in Jerusalem,
Germany's Jewish Museum in Berlin, and the United States Holocaust
Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. She describes a variety of
visually striking media, including architecture, photography
exhibits, artifact displays, and video installations in order to
explain the aesthetic techniques that the museums employ. As she
interprets the exhibits, Hansen-Glucklich clarifies how museums
communicate Holocaust narratives within the historical and cultural
contexts specific to Germany, Israel, and the United States. In Yad
Vashem, architect Moshe Safdie developed a narrative suited for
Israel, rooted in a redemptive, Zionist story of homecoming to a
place of mythic geography and renewal, in contrast to death and
suffering in exile. In the Jewish Museum in Berlin, Daniel
Libeskind's architecture, broken lines, and voids emphasize
absence. Here exhibits communicate a conflicted ideology, torn
between the loss of a Jewish past and the country's current
multicultural ethos. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
presents yet another lens, conveying through its exhibits a sense
of sacrifice that is part of the civil values of American
democracy, and trying to overcome geographic and temporal distance.
One well-know example, the pile of thousands of shoes plundered
from concentration camp victims encourages the visitor to bridge
the gap between viewer and victim.
Hansen-Glucklich explores how each museum's concept of the sacred
shapes the design and choreography of visitors' experiences within
museum spaces. These spaces are sites of pilgrimage that can in
turn lead to rites of passage.
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