The German linguists Johannes Schmidt (1843 1901) and Hugo
Schuchardt (1842 1927) sought to answer many questions relating to
the development of Indo-European languages, which are all believed
to be descended from a single common ancestor. Schmidt's
Verwantschaftsverhaltnisse was originally published in 1872 and
Schuchardt's Uber die Lautgesetze followed in 1885; here they are
reissued together in one volume. Schmidt's work developed the 'wave
model' of language change, to which Schuchardt also subscribed.
According to this theory, linguistic innovations spread outwards
concentrically like waves, which become progressively weaker as
time elapses and the distance from their point of origin increases.
Since later changes may not cover the same area, there may be no
sharp boundaries between neighbouring languages or dialects. This
theory stood in opposition to the tree model and the doctrine of
sound laws propounded by the Neogrammarian school of linguists,
which is roundly critiqued in Schuchardt's contribution."
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