Oliver Otis Howard devoted his life to the service of his country,
both as a distinguished army officer in two wars and as the founder
of two universities. Oliver Otis Howard was a graduate of Bowdoin
College and of West Point. Being reared in a pious New England
(Maine) atmosphere gave him a deep sense of obligation to lead a
Christian life, for the good of others and for the development of
his own best self. He was often disturbed by the conflict presented
him in his dual career in peace and war.
General Howard's strong sense of duty to his country brought
about his distinguished career of command during the Civil War --
at the Battle of Chancellorsville, itself a disappointing rout, and
at Gettysburg, where he recovered any reputation the earlier defeat
might have lost him. Under General Sherman in the Atlanta campaign
and as a leader of the Army of the Tennessee he won special
distinction. In total, Howard fought at the First Bull Run, Fair
Oaks (where severe wounds forced the amputation of his right arm),
Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and
Gettysburg.
The same strong sense of duty made him accept the commission of
the Freedmen's Bureau and the promotion of African-American
education. Following his service in the Nez Perce Campaign of 1877
he was superintendent of West Point and the founder of Lincoln
Memorial University. His greatest service to education, however,
was as founder and president of Howard University, where his name
and career are held in honor.
General
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