The War of 1812 has been regarded by many historians as a ""small
naval war"" of little importance. Not so to the Indian tribes of
the Old Northwest, who joined the British attempt to hold off the
expansionist American armies in a desperate effort to retain their
tribal lands, promised to them by the British in return for their
alliance. The Indian force numbered some sixteen hundred
warriors-Shawnees, Winnebagoes, Kickapoos, Potawatomis, Sacs,
Ottawas, Muncey Delawares, Ojibwas, and Senecas among them.In
September and October of 1813, after holding the frontier against
the United States for more than a year, a small force of British
and Indians under General Henry Procter and the Shawnee chief
Tecumseh was driven from Amherstburg after the Battle of Lake Erie.
They retreated to the River Thames. The succeeding engagement at
Moraviantown, on October 5, 1813, was the most decisive American
victory won on British soil in this war. The death of Tecumseh, who
was killed while valiantly defending the field after the British
had fled, cost the British-Indian alliance its most effective
leader. The story of the campaign has never been fully told from
the point of view of the Indians and the British, but innumerable
legends have persisted about it, many of them contrasting the
courage of the Shawnee chief with the alleged cowardice of Procter.
In attempting to dispel the myths, John Sugden searched for
surviving records in Britain, Canada, and the United States. He
found a major source of information in the little-known minutes of
General Procter's court-martial, filed in the Public Record Office
at Kew, England. From this and many other sources, both published
and unpublished, the author has comprehensively reconstructed the
retreat and tackled the major questions: why was Procter compelled
to withdraw from Amherstburg after the loss of his squadron on Lake
Erie; why and how did Procter and Tecumseh fight at Moraviantown;
how was Tecumseh killed; and how did the engagement affect the
fortunes of the British, the Indians, and the Americans in the
remaining months of the war. Sugden further enhances our knowledge
about the great Chief Tecumseh in the definitive account of the
circumstances surrounding his death.
General
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