Those who address conflict resulting from differing
socio-economic groups (stratification systems) focus on the arousal
of negative emotions. Less frequently explored are the effects of
positive emotions, particularly among the middle classes in
industrial and post-industrial societies. In more developed
societies, those experiencing positive emotional energy far
outnumber those who endure negative emotions.
Jonathan H. Turner sees the distribution of positive and
negative emotions in developed societies as another basis for
grouping people into socio-economic classifications. Such
distribution explains the commitments of middle classes to the
system and the lack of class-based social movements from lower
classes. Turner argues for Marx's theory--when a population's vast
majority is consistently experiencing negative emotions, the
potential for revolution within society increases.
Turner explains why class-conflict potential is low in developed
societies and how it might increase if the middle classes lose
their share of resources. He notes the beginnings of this shift,
but says that the overall positive emotions of the middle class
have not yet transitioned from positive to negative. Capitalism
will persist, but it will be a reformed capitalism, especially in
the United States, as taxes and regulation by government assure
higher levels of resource redistribution to members of a
society.
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