"Mary Turner and the Memory of Lynching" traces the reaction of
activists, artists, writers, and local residents to the brutal
lynching of a pregnant woman near Valdosta, Georgia. In 1918, the
murder of a white farmer led to a week of mob violence that claimed
the lives of at least eleven African Americans, including Hayes
Turner. When his wife Mary vowed to press charges against the
killers, she too fell victim to the mob.
Mary's lynching was particularly brutal and involved the grisly
death of her eight-month-old fetus. It led to both an entrenched
local silence and a widespread national response in newspaper and
magazine accounts, visual art, film, literature, and public
memorials. Turner's story became a centerpiece of the Anti-Lynching
Crusaders campaign for the 1922 Dyer Bill, which sought to make
lynching a federal crime. Julie Buckner Armstrong explores the
complex and contradictory ways this horrific event was remembered
in works such as Walter White's report in the NAACP's newspaper the
"Crisis," the "Kabnis" section of Jean Toomer's "Cane," Angelina
Weld Grimke's short story "Goldie," and Meta Fuller's sculpture
"Mary Turner: A Silent Protest against Mob Violence."
Like those of Emmett Till and Leo Frank, Turner's story
continues to resonate on multiple levels. Armstrong's work provides
insight into the different roles black women played in the history
of lynching: as victims, as loved ones left behind, and as those
who fought back. The crime continues to defy conventional forms of
representation, illustrating what can, and cannot, be said about
lynching and revealing the difficulty and necessity of confronting
this nation's legacy of racial violence.
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