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Density Matrix Theory and Applications (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 2nd ed. 1996)
Loot Price: R6,118
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Density Matrix Theory and Applications (Paperback, Softcover reprint of hardcover 2nd ed. 1996)
Series: Physics of Atoms and Molecules
Expected to ship within 10 - 15 working days
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Quantum mechanics has been mostly concerned with those states of
systems that are represented by state vectors. In many cases,
however, the system of interest is incompletely determined; for
example, it may have no more than a certain probability of being in
the precisely defined dynamical state characterized by a state
vector. Because of this incomplete knowledge, a need for
statistical averaging arises in the same sense as in classical
physics. The density matrix was introduced by J. von Neumann in
1927 to describe statistical concepts in quantum mechanics. The
main virtue of the density matrix is its analytical power in the
construction of general formulas and in the proof of general
theorems. The evaluation of averages and probabilities of the
physical quantities characterizing a given system is extremely
cumbersome without the use of density matrix techniques. The
representation of quantum mechanical states by density matrices
enables the maximum information available on the system to be
expressed in a compact manner and hence avoids the introduction of
unnecessary variables. The use of density matrix methods also has
the advan tage of providing a uniform treatment of all quantum
mechanical states, whether they are completely or incompletely
known. Until recently the use of the density matrix method has been
mainly restricted to statistical physics. In recent years, however,
the application of the density matrix has been gaining more and
more importance in many other fields of physics."
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