This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC
BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford
Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and
selected open access locations. Ever since the Industrial
Revolution of the late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth centuries,
industrialization has been the key to modern economic growth. The
fact that modern industry originated in Britain, and spread
initially to north-western Europe and North America, implied a
dramatic divergence in living standards between the industrial
North (or 'West') and a non-industrial, or even de-industrializing,
South (or 'Rest'). This nineteenth-century divergence, which had
profound economic, military, and geopolitical implications, has
been studied in great detail by many economists and historians.
Today, this divergence between the 'West' and the 'Rest' is visibly
unravelling, as economies in Asia, Latin America and even
sub-Saharan Africa converge on the rich economies of Europe and
North America. This phenomenon, which is set to define the
twenty-first century, both economically and politically, has also
been the subject of a considerable amount of research. Less
appreciated, however, are the deep historical roots of this
convergence process, and in particular of the spread of modern
industry to the global periphery. This volume fills this gap by
providing a systematic, comparative, historical account of the
spread of modern manufacturing beyond its traditional heartland, to
Southern and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia, Africa, and
Latin America, or what we call the poor periphery. It identifies
the timing of this convergence, finding that this was fastest in
the interwar and post-World War II years, not the more recent
'miracle growth' years. It also identifies which driving forces
were common to all periphery countries, and which were not.
General
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