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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Human biology & related topics > Biological anthropology > Early man
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The Pleistocene Social Contract - Culture and Cooperation in Human Evolution (Hardcover)
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The Pleistocene Social Contract - Culture and Cooperation in Human Evolution (Hardcover)
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Kim Sterelny here builds on his original account of the
evolutionary development and interaction of human culture and
cooperation, which he first presented in The Evolved Apprentice
(2012). Sterelny sees human evolution not as hinging on a single
key innovation, but as emerging from a positive feedback loop
caused by smaller divergences from other great apes, including
bipedal locomotion, better causal and social reasoning,
reproductive cooperation, and changes in diet and foraging style.
He advances this argument in The Pleistocene Social Contract with
four key claims about cooperation, culture, and their interaction
in human evolution. First, he proposes a new model of the evolution
of human cooperation. He suggests human cooperation began from a
baseline that was probably similar to that of great apes, advancing
about 1.8 million years ago to an initial phase of cooperative
forging, in small mobile bands. Second, he then presents a novel
account of the change in evolutionary dynamics of cooperation: from
cooperation profits based on collective action and mutualism, to
profits based on direct and indirect reciprocation over the course
of the Pleistocene. Third, he addresses the question of normative
regulation, or moral norms, for band-scale cooperation, and
connects it to the stabilization of indirect reciprocation as a
central aspect of forager cooperation. Fourth, he develops an
account of the emergence of inequality that links inequality to
intermediate levels of conflict and cooperation: a final phase of
cooperation in largescale, hierarchical societies in the Holocene,
beginning about 12,000 years ago. The Pleistocene Social Contract
combines philosophy of biology with a reading of the archaeological
and ethnographic record to present a new model of the evolution of
human cooperation, cultural learning, and inequality.
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