The ethics of data and analytics, in many ways, is no different
than any endeavor to find the "right" answer. When a business
chooses a supplier, funds a new product, or hires an employee,
managers are making decisions with moral implications. The
decisions in business, like all decisions, have a moral component
in that people can benefit or be harmed, rules are followed or
broken, people are treated fairly or not, and rights are enabled or
diminished. However, data analytics introduces wrinkles or moral
hurdles in how to think about ethics. Questions of accountability,
privacy, surveillance, bias, and power stretch standard tools to
examine whether a decision is good, ethical, or just. Dealing with
these questions requires different frameworks to understand what is
wrong and what could be better. Ethics of Data and Analytics:
Concepts and Cases does not search for a new, different answer or
to ban all technology in favor of human decision-making. The text
takes a more skeptical, ironic approach to current answers and
concepts while identifying and having solidarity with others.
Applying this to the endeavor to understand the ethics of data and
analytics, the text emphasizes finding multiple ethical approaches
as ways to engage with current problems to find better solutions
rather than prioritizing one set of concepts or theories. The book
works through cases to understand those marginalized by data
analytics programs as well as those empowered by them. Three themes
run throughout the book. First, data analytics programs are
value-laden in that technologies create moral consequences,
reinforce or undercut ethical principles, and enable or diminish
rights and dignity. This places an additional focus on the role of
developers in their incorporation of values in the design of data
analytics programs. Second, design is critical. In the majority of
the cases examined, the purpose is to improve the design and
development of data analytics programs. Third, data analytics,
artificial intelligence, and machine learning are about power. The
discussion of power-who has it, who gets to keep it, and who is
marginalized-weaves throughout the chapters, theories, and cases.
In discussing ethical frameworks, the text focuses on critical
theories that question power structures and default assumptions and
seek to emancipate the marginalized.
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