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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies (Paperback)
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Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies (Paperback)
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The vast majority of the world's poorest households depend on
farming for their livelihood. During the 1960s and 1970s, most
developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural
policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural
imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies
inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing
countries. Although progress has been made over the past two
decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and
welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and
other sectors as well as within the agricultural sector of both
rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the
disarray in world agricultural markets first appeared approximately
20 years ago. Since then the OECD has provided estimates each year
of market distortions in high-income countries, but there has been
no comparable estimates for the world's developing countries. This
volume is the first in a series (other volumes cover Africa, Asia,
and Latin America) that not only fill that void for recent years
but extend the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in
time--and provide analytical narratives for scores of countries
that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy
interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to
Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies' provides
an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural
incentives caused by price and trade policies in the economies of
Eastern Europe and Central Asia that are transitioning away from
central planning. The book includes country and subregional studies
of the ten transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe that
joined the European Union in 2004 or 2007, of seven other large
member countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and of
Turkey. Together these countries comprise over 90 percent of the
Europe and Central Asia region's population and GDP. Sectoral,
trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed
greatly since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, but
price distortions remain. The new empirical indicators in these
country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for
evaluating policy options in the years ahead.
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