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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases - Structure, Signaling and Drug Discovery (Hardcover)
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Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases - Structure, Signaling and Drug Discovery (Hardcover)
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Protein tyrosine phosphatases remove phosphates from the
phosphotyrosine residues of target proteins and reverse the action
of various protein tyrosine kinases. This essential interplay
between the opposing actions of protein tyrosine phosphatases and
protein tyrosine kinases forms the basis of signaling networks that
underlie the cellular workings of human physiology. Initially
passed-off as housekeeping genes; these proteins were only
acknowledged to maintain a steady background of phosphotyrosine
levels in the cell. However, recent progress in studying their role
in embryonic development and human disease has established their
importance as regulators of signal regulation. Convincing evidence
shows the role of mutations in these proteins to cause and/or
intensify the severity of various diseases including metabolic and
neurological disorders and also cancer. Protein tyrosine
phosphatases have slowly, yet convincingly become crucial targets
for therapeutic intervention of various human pathophysiologies.
This book describes these signaling enzymes using the molecular
details of their structure and mechanistic function. Various
subtypes of cysteine-based Class I, II, III and the Haloacid
dehalogenase related Class IV protein tyrosine phosphatases have
been illustrated and explained. The superfamily of proteins is also
described vis-a-vis its complimentary protein
phosphoserine/phosphoserine phosphatases. Membrane bound receptor
forms and the cytosolic non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases
have been described for their biological function. This book serves
as a reference for any reader looking to understand the sequence
features, structural elements, molecular mechanism and cellular
function of this superfamily of signaling enzymes.
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