In Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 127, the authors
discuss Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurological disorder
characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the
substantia nigra pars compacta and reduced dopamine levels in the
striatum. Currently, there are few pharmacological treatments for
PD and although Levodopa has frequently been used, it is not a
viable treatment option for all patients. Thus, this book presents
experimental evidence supporting the claim that endocannabinoid
signaling may represent a promising therapeutic target for PD,
inducing a reduction in neurodegeneration with minimal psychotropic
effects. Subsequently, it presents findings that
free-hydroxyproline observed in a physiological system must be
resulted from a degradation of protein molecules. Variations in
free-hydroxyproline concentrations in the plasma and white muscle
of fishes, with genetic differences in growth rates and with
different feedings, could indicate differences in protein
degradation rates for tissue remodeling and growth. Since the
synthesis of the connective tissue framework of muscle is a
rate-limiting step in muscle growth, the concentrations of white
muscle free-hydroxyproline could be reliable for growth studies, as
its levels are correlated with fish specific growth rates (SGR) and
feed efficiency. Next, the authors analyze the results of umbilical
hernia repair using Ventralex (R) Hernia Patch, a bilayer
prosthesis. Preoperative characteristics, surgical procedure
details, postoperative complications and recurrence rate were
studied. An overview of the most up-to-date findings on the
association of NGF with development of schizophrenia is presented,
based on literature data as well as the authors own findings. The
contributions of other research groups are provided and discussed
in the context of prominent existing hypothesis of psychiatric
disorder development. Afterwards, hernias are discussed as one of
the most common reasons a primary care patient may need referral
for surgical intervention. The emergence of next-generation
prosthesis seeks to achieve the best possible integration into the
tissues, improving their performance on all interfaces and avoiding
complications. The authors exhibit a retrospective cohort study to
assess the impact of 6-hour versus 4-hour HD sessions in end-stage
renal disease (ESRD) patients treated with three times per week,
daytime, in-center HD. Using data from a cohort of forty-three,
stable chronic ESRD patients, the authors compared twenty-one
patients undergoing 6-hour HD sessions with twenty-two patients on
conventional 4-hour HD sessions. The following chapter begins with
an introduction to collagen and the function of Hyp in the collagen
molecule, followed by a description of sources of various Hyp
fractions in tissues and body fluids. The effects of different
toxins on various Hyp fractions in the serum and tissues are also
discussed. Then, soy isoflavones or soy derivatives (supplements
containing S-equol) are recommended for relieving vasomotor
symptoms. The evidences for standardized cohosh preparations are
effective and are also be recommended. This book also discusses DNA
damage repair, a very important biological process commonly
associated with human health and diseases, because a detailed
elucidation of DNA repair mechanism is essential for a better
understanding of health and disease. Afterwards, the current
information on collagen PTMs and their alteration under different
pathological conditions are examined. It has been reported that
collagen undergoes polyubiquitination in response to
S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The polyubiquitination inhibits Collagen
processing leading to decreased collagen secretion in hepatic
stellate cells (HSCs). In closing, a critical review about the
impact of changes in lifestyle and diet supplementation with
natural phytochemicals on cancer statistics is given. This review
highlights the new advances in understanding the anticancer
activity of flavonoids based on its ability to damage DNA in cancer
cells.
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