AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF WAVE MECHANICS BY LOUIS DE BROGLIE
DOCTEUB 8-8CIENCES, PROFESSOR IN THE HENRI POISCAR INSTITUTE, PARIS
TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH BY H. T. FLINT, D. Sc., PH. D. WITH
FOURTEEN DIAGRAMS I METHUEN C0. LTD. 36 ESS-EX f EET W. C. First
Published in 1930 CONTENTS PAGE PBNBBAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER I HE
OLD SYSTEMS OF MECHANICS OP A PARTICLE 11 CHAPTER II J HB THEORY OF
JACOBI 26 CHAPTER III THE CONCEPTIONS UNDERLYING WAVE MECHANICS 39
CHAPTER IV GENERAL REMARKS ON WAVE PROPAGATION 49 CHAPTER V THE
EQUATIONS OF PROPAGATION OF THE WAVE ASSOCIATED WITH A PARTICLE 68
CHAPTER VI CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND WAVE MECHANICS 79, CHAPTER VII
THE PRINCIPLE OF INTERFERENCE AND THE DIFFRACTION OF ELECTRONS BY
CRYSTALS 88 CHAPTER VIII THE PRINCIPLE OF INTERFERENCE AND THE
SCATTERING OF CHARGED PARTICLES BY A FIXED CENTRE 102 CHAPTER IX
THE MOTION OF THB PROBABILITY WAVE IN THE NEW MECHANICS . .111
CHAPTER X THE WAVE MECHANICS OF LIGHT QUANTA, 12 CHAPTER XI THE
THEORY OF BOHR AND HBWENBERG vi An Introduction to the Study of
Wave Mechanics CHAPTER XII PAG THB POSSIBILITY OF MEASUREMENT AND
HBISENBERGS RELATIONS ., 1 CHAPTER XIII THE PROPAGATION OF A TRAIN
OF -WAVES IN THE ABSENCE OF A FIELD OF FORCE AND IN A UNIFORM FIELD
1 CHAPTER XIV WAVE MECHANICS OF SYSTEMS OF PARTICLES IVs CHAPTER XV
THE INTERPRETATION OF THE WAVE ASSOCIATED WITH THE MOTION OF A
SYSTEM 188 CHAPTER XVI THE OLD QUANTUM THEORY AND THE STABILITY OF
PERIODIC MOTION . 199 CHAPTER XVII THE STABILITY OF QUANTISED
MOTION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF WAVE MECHANICS .... 212 CHAPTER
XVIII SOME EXAMPLES OF QUANTISATION 227 CHAPTER XIX THE MEANING OF
THE -WAVES OF QUANTISED SYSTEMS .... 238 INDEX 247 AN INTRODUCTION
TO THESTUDY OF WAVE MECHANICS GENERAL INTRODUCTION l THE new wave
mechanics has received during the past two years the firm support
of experiment, thanks to the discovery of a striking phenomenon
completely unknown previously, viz. the diffraction of electrons by
crystals. From one point of view it may be said that this discovery
is the exact counterpart of the older discovery of the photo
electric effect, since it shows that for matter as for light we
have hitherto neglected one of the aspects of physical reality. The
discovery of the photo-electric effect has taught us that the
undulatory theory of light, firmly established by Fresnel and
subsequently developed by Maxwell as the electro magnetic theory,
although it contains a large body of truth, is, nevertheless,
insufficient, and that it is necessary, in a certain sense, to turn
again to the corpuscular conception of light proposed by Newton.
Planck, in his famous theory of black body radiation, was led to
assume that radiation of frequency v is always emitted and absorbed
in equal and finite quantities, in quanta of magnitude hv, h being
the constant with which the name of Planck will always be
associated. In order to explain the photo-electric effect, Einstein
had only to adopt the hypothesis, which is quite in conformity with
the ideas of Planck, that light consists of corpuscles and that the
energy of the cor puscles of light of frequency v is hv. When a
light corpuscle in its passage through matter encounters an
electron at rest, it can impart o it its energy hv and the electron
thus set in 1 This introduction is the reproduction of a
communication made by the author at the meeting of the British
Association for the Advance ment ofScience held in Glasgow in
September, 1928, 1 2 An Introduction to the Study of Wave Mechanics
motion will leave the matter with kinetic energy equal in amount to
the difference between the energy hv, which it has received, and
the work it has had to expend to get out of the matter. Now, this
is precisely the experimental law of the photo-electric effect in
the form which has been verified in succession for all the
radiations from the ultra-violet region to X-and y-rays...
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