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Production of Colloidal Biogenic Selenium and Removal by Different Coagulation-Flocculation Approaches (Paperback)
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Production of Colloidal Biogenic Selenium and Removal by Different Coagulation-Flocculation Approaches (Paperback)
Series: IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series
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Selenium (Se) is a chemical element of concern due to its toxicity
and increasing anthropogenic release to the environment. Se
oxyanions, selenite and selenate, are water-soluble, bioavailable
and toxic, whereas elemental selenium, Se(0), is solid and less
toxic. Nevertheless, Se(0) is potentially harmful as particulate
Se(0) has been reported to be bioavailable to bivalves, to fish and
also prone to re-oxidation. In the current work we investigated the
reduction of selenite and selenate using pure and mixed microbial
cultures. A novel strain of Pseudomonas moraviensis showing high Se
tolerance was isolated, classified and characterized for the first
time. Biogenic Se(0) shows colloidal properties due to its nanosize
scale and negatively-charged biopolymer coating. To address the
need for efficient solid-liquid separation of biogenic Se(0) prior
to environmental discharge, we tested and compared several
physical-chemical separation methods. Centrifugation and filtration
can be efficiently used for Se(0) separation but they are not
feasible at the industrial scale due to prohibitive costs.
Alternatively, chemical coagulation by metal salts, e.g. aluminum
sulfate and ferric chloride, resulted in high removal rates around
90%. Electrocoagulation reached the highest colloidal Se(0) removal
efficiency of 97% when using iron electrodes. In conclusion,
biogenic Se(0) must be removed in a biological post-treatment step
and several approaches described in this work could be successfully
used.
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