Automotive Scan Tool PID Diagnostics (Diagnostics Strategies of
Modern Automotive Systems ) By Mandy Concepcion In this section,
the different techniques of scan tool parameter (PID) analysis will
be exposed. Techniques involving PID analysis are quickly catching
on, due to their speed and accuracy. By properly analyzing the
different scanner PIDs, the technician can arrive at the source of
the problem much faster and accurately. These procedures give rise
to the new term "driver seat diagnostics," since most of the
preliminary diagnostic work is done through the scanner. However,
these techniques will in no way replace the final manual tests that
are a part of every diagnostic path. They are simply geared to
point the technician in the right direction. Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION (Introduction to scan tool diagnostics and the
relevance of using PIDs or scanner parameter to perform the first
leg of all diagnostics.) - Theory of Operation Behind the Different
PIDs (Describes CARB, the difference between generic and enhanced
PIDs, the FTP) - OBD II Generic PIDs (PID calculated and actual
values, calculated data relationships, base injection timing, ECM
value substitution) - OBD I & II General PID analysis (erasing
code-or not, recording, analyzing and pinpoint tests, separating
PIDs into groups) - Fuel Delivery Fault Detection (fuel delivery
issues, intake air temp. sensor, BARO sensor, Engine LOAD, RPM PID,
Short-Term Fuel Trims, Long-Term Fuel Trims, 60% of check engine
light issues, block learn/integrators, Example 1: injector fault,
Example 2: intake gasket issues, fuel status, ignition timing,
MAP/MAF, TPS, O2 sensor, IAC, Closed Throttle, injector pulse
width, voltage power, injector dutycycle, fuel trim cell) - Test #1
(Determining an engine's fuel Consumption (rich-lean operation,
duty-cycle to fuel trim relationship, O2 sensor to fuel trim
relation, FT and vacuum leaks, ignition timing and idle control,
test conclusion) - Test # 2 (Misfire Detection Strategy, EGR,
Ignition and Mechanical misfires) (misfires and OBD2, scanner
misfire detection - a time saver, OBD2 40 and 80 cycle misfire,
ignition, injector and EGR density misfire, coil-on-plug, misfires
and O2 sensor, lean O2 & Secondary misfire, O2 sensor &
injector misfires, leaky injector, EGR and the MAP, Type A, B, C
misfires, test conclusion) - Test # 3 (Air/Fuel Ratio Faults)
(air-fuel imbalance, MAF and post O2 sensors, open-closed-loop,
fuel enable, HC & CO relation to AF issues, test conclusion) -
Test # 4 (BARO, MAP & MAF PID analysis) (MAP & valve timing
faults, ECM behavior, fuel delivery or duty cycle test, volumetric
efficiency, test conclusion) - Test # 5 (Clogged exhaust) (clogged
catalytic converter detection, TPS, MAF and converters, idle and
WOT or wide open throttle values, vacuum readings, MAP to WOT chats
analysis, engine and MAP vacuum, test conclusion) - Test # 6 (EGR
Fault Detection) (EGR and MAP values, ECM reaction to EGR issues,
EGR temp sensor, DPFE sensor, EGR and O2-MAP and lift position
sensor, EGR and engine pre-loading, EGR and the ECM erroneous high
LOAD issues, test conclusion) - Test # 7 (O2 Sensor Heater) (O2
heaters and why?, tough to check O2 heater issues, O2 heater effect
on signal output, O2 heater bias voltage, engine off and O2
changing value, test conclusion) - Test # 8 (Resetting Fuel Trims)
(resetting injection pulse corrections, long-term and short-term
fuel trims, learn condition, Lambda, case study on fuel trims, FT
resetting according to manufacturer, test conclusion) - Test # 9
(Engine Cranking Vacuum Test) (MAP/MAF cranking vacuum, vacuum to
PID analysis, vacuum leaks, gauge-PID test, sources of leaks,
cranking values, test conclusion)
General
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