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Beyond GDP - Measuring Welfare and Assessing Sustainability (Hardcover)
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Beyond GDP - Measuring Welfare and Assessing Sustainability (Hardcover)
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In spite of recurrent criticism and an impressive production of
alternative indicators by scholars and NGOs, GDP remains the
central indicator of countries' success. This book revisits the
foundations of indicators of social welfare, and critically
examines the four main alternatives to GDP that have been proposed:
composite indicators, subjective well-being indexes, capabilities
(the underlying philosophy of the Human Development Index), and
equivalent incomes. Its provocative thesis is that the problem with
GDP is not that it uses a monetary metric but that it focuses on a
narrow set of aspects of individual lives. It is actually possible
to build an alternative, more comprehensive, monetary indicator
that takes income as its first benchmark and adds or subtracts
corrections that represent the benefit or cost of non-market
aspects of individual lives. Such a measure can respect the values
and preferences of the people and give as much weight as they do to
the non-market dimensions. A further provocative idea is that, in
contrast, most of the currently available alternative indicators,
including subjective well-being indexes, are not as respectful of
people's values because, like GDP, they are too narrow and give
specific weights to the various dimensions of life in a more
uniform way, without taking account of the diversity of views on
life in the population. The popular attraction that such
alternative indicators derive from being non-monetary is therefore
based on equivocation. Moreover, it is argued in this book that
"greening" GDP and relative indicators is not the proper way to
incorporate sustainability concerns. Sustainability involves
predicting possible future paths, therefore different indicators
than those assessing the current situation. While various
indicators have been popular (adjusted net savings, ecological
footprint), none of them involves the necessary forecasting effort
that a proper evaluation of possible futures requires.
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