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A Theory of Political Obligation - Membership, Commitment, and the Bonds of Society (Hardcover)
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A Theory of Political Obligation - Membership, Commitment, and the Bonds of Society (Hardcover)
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Margaret Gilbert offers an incisive new approach to a classic
problem of political philosophy: when and why should I do what the
laws of my country tell me to do? Beginning with carefully argued
accounts of social groups in general and political societies in
particular, the author argues that in central, standard senses of
the relevant terms membership in a political society in and of
itself obligates one to support that society's political
institutions. The obligations in question are not moral
requirements derived from general moral principles, as is often
supposed, but a matter of one's participation in a special kind of
commitment: joint commitment. An agreement is sufficient but not
necessary to generate such a commitment. Gilbert uses the phrase
'plural subject' to refer to all of those who are jointly committed
in some way. She therefore labels the theory offered in this book
the plural subject theory of political obligation. The author
concentrates on the exposition of this theory, carefully explaining
how and in what sense joint commitments obligate. She also explores
a classic theory of political obligation -- actual contract theory
-- according to which one is obligated to conform to the laws of
one's country because one agreed to do so. She offers a new
interpretation of this theory in light of a theory of plural
subject theory of agreements. She argues that actual contract
theory has more merit than has been thought, though the more
general plural subject theory is to be preferred. She compares and
contrasts plural subject theory with identification theory,
relationship theory, and the theory of fair play. She brings it to
bear on some classic situations of crisis, and, in the concluding
chapter, suggests a number of avenues for related empirical and
moral inquiry. Clearly and compellingly written, A Theory of
Political Obligation will be essential reading for political
philosophers and theorists.
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