Clarina Howard Nichols was one of America's pioneering social
reformers. From Vermont to Kansas to California, she forged a
political role for women by using her stature as a lady and a
mother to lobby vigorously for women's rights, antislavery, and
temperance. After joining the antislavery migration to Kansas,
Nichols championed freedom in the territory, assisted former
slaves, and argued successfully for women's school suffrage before
ending her career in California, where she continued to promote
women's full enfranchisement. Despite her accomplishments and
considerable respect from contemporaries such as Susan B. Anthony,
she has been largely overlooked by historians. Marilyn S. Blackwell
and Kristen T. Oertel remedy this oversight and examine Nichols's
important role in women's rights, antislavery, and westward
expansion.
In their comprehensive portrait, Blackwell and Oertel uncover
the fascinating story of a complex woman while providing a window
on presuffrage political engagement and the creation of public
womanhood in the nineteenth century. Their insightful narrative
places Nichols in the context of American reform politics and
western migration. It shows the effectiveness of Nichols's
"politics of motherhood," examining her relationships with other
female reformers and with male politicians. Nichols's story reveals
the role Northern women played in "Bleeding Kansas" and how women's
rights became entwined in the battle to rid the expanding nation of
slavery.
The authors cast Nichols as a deeply private person who guarded
the secret of her divorce to protect both her political influence
and her social position. By digging deeper than previous
historians-into Nichols's few surviving letters, her columns as a
journalist, and her speeches-they discover much about her failed
first marriage and show how divorce gave her a unique insight into
a legal system that disadvantaged many women. Nichols's personal
struggles to overcome the stigma of her divorce and to settle in
frontier Kansas form the dramatic backdrop to the development of
her public career as a journalist and social reformer.
Overcoming both personal hardships and political barriers,
Clarina Howard Nichols left a trail of new rights for women across
the nation. "Frontier Feminist" restores this crusading woman to
her rightful place among the pantheon of reformers who sought full
citizenship for women and freedom for black Americans.
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