The Egyptian writer Najib Mahfuz has been acclaimed by many Arab
critics as the greatest living Arabic literary writer and one of
the pioneers of social criticism in literature in Egypt. This work,
the only major book-length study of Mahfuz's work, traces his
literary development as a writer and analyzes the thematic aspect
of his work: the relationship between individual and society.
Mahfuz's method of presenting this relationship in his novels and
short stories is studied within the context of his Islamic world
view.,
Mahfuz's writing follows the models set by modern Western
literature. His unique contribution to Egyptian literature is that
he made the novel and the short story a means of exploring
indigenous problems. Egyptian writers who preceded him paved the
way for his achievements, but none reached his mastery. He enabled
the Egyptian genius to express itself in literary forms new to
Arabic Literary tradition.
The literary career of Mahfuz is marked by three distinct
phases. The first is the Pharaonic phase (1935-38), in which three
historical novels were written. The second is the realistic phase
(1938-52), in which most of his great works were written, including
the Cairo trilogy. The third phase began, after a pause of six
years, in 1958, and is distinguished by symbolic writings and a
deep concern for the individual in a changing society.
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