Max Scheler (1874-1928) decisively influenced German philosophy
in the period after the First World War, a time of upheaval and new
beginnings. Without him, the problems of German philosophy today,
and its attempts to solve them would be quite inconceivable. What
was new in his philosophy was that he used phenomenology to
investigate spiritual realities.
The subject of "On the Eternal in Man" is the divine and its
reality, the originality and non-derivation of religious
experience. Scheler shows the characteristic quality of that which
is religious. It is a particular essence that cannot be reduced to
anything else. It is a sphere that belongs essentially to
humankind; without it we would not be human. If genuine fulfillment
is denied it, substitutes come into being. This religious sphere is
the most essential, decisive one. It determines man's basic
attitude towards reality and in a sense the color, extent and
position of all the other human domains in life. It forms the basis
for various views about life and thought.
Scheler was emphatically an intuitive philosopher. In Scheler's
work the break between being as the almighty but blind rage and
value as the knowing but powerless spirit-has become complete, and
makes of each human a split being. Personal experiences may be
reflected here. The development of Scheler's work as a whole was
highly dependent on his personal experiences. It is this that gives
Scheler's work its liveliness and its validity.
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