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Biomedical Informatics for Cancer Research (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
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Biomedical Informatics for Cancer Research (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
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view, showing that multiple molecular pathways must be affected for
cancer to develop, but with different specific proteins in each
pathway mutated or differentially expressed in a given tumor (The
Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network 2008; Parsons et al. 2008).
Different studies demonstrated that while widespread mutations
exist in cancer, not all mutations drive cancer development (Lin et
al. 2007). This suggests a need to target only a deleterious subset
of aberrant proteins, since any tre- ment must aim to improve
health to justify its potential side effects. Treatment for cancer
must become highly individualized, focusing on the specific
aberrant driver proteins in an individual. This drives a need for
informatics in cancer far beyond the need in other diseases. For
instance, routine treatment with statins has become widespread for
minimizing heart disease, with most patients responding to standard
doses (Wilt et al. 2004). In contrast, standard treatment for
cancer must become tailored to the molecular phenotype of an
individual tumor, with each patient receiving a different
combination of therapeutics aimed at the specific aberrant proteins
driving the cancer. Tracking the aberrations that drive cancers,
identifying biomarkers unique to each individual for
molecular-level di- nosis and treatment response, monitoring
adverse events and complex dosing schedules, and providing
annotated molecular data for ongoing research to improve treatments
comprise a major biomedical informatics need.
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