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From Foreign Natives to Native Foreigners - Explaining Xenophobia in Post-apartheid South Africa (Paperback)
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From Foreign Natives to Native Foreigners - Explaining Xenophobia in Post-apartheid South Africa (Paperback)
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The events of May 2008 in which 62 people were killed simply for
being "foreign" and thousands were turned overnight into refugees
shook the South African nation. This book is the first to attempt a
comprehensive and rigorous explanation for those horrific events.
It argues that xenophobia should be understood as a political
discourse and practice. As such its historical development as well
as the conditions of its existence must be elucidated in terms of
the practices and prescriptions which structure the field of
politics. In South Africa, the history of xenophobia is intimately
connected to the manner in which citizenship has been conceived and
fought over during the past fifty years at least. Migrant labour
was de-nationalised by the apartheid state, while African
nationalism saw the same migrant labour as the foundation of that
oppressive system. Only those who could show a family connection
with the colonial and apartheid formation of South Africa could
claim citizenship at liberation. Others were excluded and seen as
unjustified claimants to national resources. Xenophobias conditions
of existence, the book argues, are to be found in the politics of
post-apartheid nationalism where state prescriptions founded on
indigeneity have been allowed to dominate uncontested in conditions
of an overwhelmingly passive conception of citizenship. The
de-politicisation of an urban population, which had been able to
assert its agency during the 1980s through a discourse of human
rights in particular, contributed to this passivity. Such state
liberal politics have remained largely unchallenged. As in other
cases of post-colonial transition in Africa, the hegemony of
xenophobic discourse, the book contends, is to be sought in the
specific character of the state consensus.
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