The multifaceted career of John Thelwall (1764-1834)--poet,
novelist, playwright, journalist, politician, scientist--is the
lens through which we are offered here a new look at the phenomenon
of British Jacobinism, long distorted by the critical view of it as
intellectually weak bequeathed to us by Coleridge and Wordsworth,
once Jacobins themselves. This book, the first on Thelwall in
almost one hundred years, combines literary analysis and historical
description to show how this innovative political activist remained
true to his radicalism while adapting his methods in the face of
the anti-Jacobin reaction that Paine's The Rights of Man helped set
off.
The three parts of the book set Thelwall's achievements and
challenges in the political and literary context of his times. Part
One, "Jacobin(s) Writing," focuses on the most essential aspects,
ideologically and formally, of the insurgent writing of the 1790s
to which Thelwall contributed. Part Two, "The Voice of the People,"
treats both Thelwall's radical oratory and journalism, as well as
his writings and activities as a natural scientist and rhetorician,
a professor and technician of "elocution." Part Three, "Jacobin
Allegory," expounds on Thelwall's characteristic strategy of
indirect expression through synecdoche and allegory, which he used
in his later career after repression forced him out of
politics.
Through Thelwall's life Michael Scrivener succeeds in revealing
how British Jacobinism reshaped the public sphere, initiating
numerous literary experiments with oratory, pamphlets, periodicals,
popularizations, and songs in the spaces opened up by political
associations, lectures, meetings, and trials. Jacobinism thus
altered the very institutions of reading and writing by expanding
literacy, restructuring the popular arena for reading, and
generating a body of diverse texts that were "seditious
allegories."
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