Arising in the heyday of the music recently made famous by the
Buena Vista Social Club, afrocubanismo was an artistic and
intellectual movement in Cuba in the 1920s and 1930s that tried to
convey a national and racial identity. Through poetry, this
movement was the first serious attempt on the part of mostly white
Cuban intellectuals to produce a national literature that
incorporated elements from the Afro-Cuban traditions of lower-class
urban blacks. One of its main objectives was to project an image of
Cuban identity as a harmonious process of fusion between black and
white people and cultures. The notion of a unified nation without
racial conflicts and the idea of a mulatto Cuban culture and
identity continue to play a prominent role in the Cuban
imagination.
The first book-length treatment of the poetry of this movement,
"Writing Rumba: The Afrocubanista Movement in Poetry "questions the
assumption that the poetry did manage to symbolize racial
reconciliation and unification. At the same time it reveals a
process of literary transculturation by which the dominant
literature of European origins was radically transformed through
the incorporation of formal principles from Afro-Cuban dance and
music forms. To make his case, Miguel Arnedo-Gomez establishes the
nature of the movementis connections to Cuban blacks during this
time, analyzes the poetry's links with the represented cultures on
the basis of anthropological and ethnographic research, and
explores the thought of leading figures of the movement, tying
their discourse to specific sociocultural factors in Cuba at the
time. Relating the poetry to music and dance, he further
illuminates the interplay of power and culture in a social
context.
Essential for understanding Cuban nationalism and race relations
today, Writing Rumba will appeal to an interdisciplinary audience
not only in regional, cultural, and anthropological fields but also
in the fields of music, dance, and literature.
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