This work presents and philosophically analyzes the early modern
and modern history of the theory concerning the soul of the world,
anima mundi. The initial question of the investigation is why there
was a revival of this theory in the time of the early German
Romanticism, whereas the concept of the anima mundi had been
rejected in the earlier, classical period of European philosophy
(early and mature Enlightenment). The presentation and analysis
starts from the Leibnizian-Wolffian school, generally hostile to
the theory, and covers classical eighteenth-century
physico-theology, also reluctant to accept an anima mundi. Next, it
discusses early modern and modern Christian philosophical Cabbala
(Bohme and Otinger), an intellectual tradition which to some extent
tolerated the idea of a soul of the world. The philosophical
relationship between Spinoza and Spinozism on the one hand, and the
anima mundi theory on the other is also examined. An analysis of
Giordano Bruno s utilization of the concept anima del mondo is the
last step before we give an account of how and why German
Romanticism, especially Baader and Schelling asserted and applied
the theory of the Weltseele. The purpose of the work is to prove
that the philosophical insufficiency of a concept of God as an ens
extramundanum instigated the Romantics to think an anima mundi that
can act as a divine and quasi-infinite intermediary between God and
Nature, as a locum tenens of God in physical reality."
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