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Blood Use in Cardiac Surgery (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991)
Loot Price: R1,571
Discovery Miles 15 710
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Blood Use in Cardiac Surgery (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991)
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Cardiac surgery has developed dramatically since the first open-he
art operations were performed in the mid 1950s. Although the
improvement of surgical technique, extracorporeal circulation, and
postoperative management has contributed to a marked reduction of
morbidity and mortality, the development of cardiac surgery to its
present state would not have been possible without blood
substitution by homologous donor blood. Only 20 years ago,
open-heart operations required an average of 8 units of blood
preserves. The excessive need of donor blood in those early days
was mainly due to premature surgical technique, insecure control of
anticoagulation, severe blood trauma by extracorporeal circulation,
and the lack of retransfusion technologies that would have allowed
the reuse of shed mediastinal blood. The introduction of new
technologies, such as normovolemic hemodilution, in traoperative
autotransfusion, postoperative return of shed mediastinal blood,
and predonation of autologous blood has greatly reduced donor blood
requirements. At present the majority of routine coronary artery
surgical procedures can be performed without any blood transfusion.
Blood loss, however, may be considerable in patients undergoing
complex valve surgery or reoperations, as they often require
several units of transfused blood. Blood conservation has now
become an area of major interest for the cardiac surgeon. This
increased concern is caused by infectious complications of blood
transfusion, in particular hepatitis and, more recently, AIDS."
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