Our ability to observe and forecast severe weather events has
improved markedly over the past few decades. Forecasts of snow and
ice storms, hurricanes and storm surge, extreme heat, and other
severe weather events are made with greater accuracy, geographic
specificity, and lead time to allow people and communities to take
appropriate protective measures. Yet hazardous weather continues to
cause loss of life and result in other preventable social costs.
There is growing recognition that a host of social and behavioral
factors affect how we prepare for, observe, predict, respond to,
and are impacted by weather hazards. For example, an individual's
response to a severe weather event may depend on their
understanding of the forecast, prior experience with severe
weather, concerns about their other family members or property,
their capacity to take the recommended protective actions, and
numerous other factors. Indeed, it is these factors that can
determine whether or not a potential hazard becomes an actual
disaster. Thus, it is essential to bring to bear expertise in the
social and behavioral sciences (SBS)?including disciplines such as
anthropology, communication, demography, economics, geography,
political science, psychology, and sociology?to understand how
people's knowledge, experiences, perceptions, and attitudes shape
their responses to weather risks and to understand how human
cognitive and social dynamics affect the forecast process itself.
Integrating Social and Behavioral Sciences Within the Weather
Enterprise explores and provides guidance on the challenges of
integrating social and behavioral sciences within the weather
enterprise. It assesses current SBS activities, describes the
potential value of improved integration of SBS and barriers that
impede this integration, develops a research agenda, and identifies
infrastructural and institutional arrangements for successfully
pursuing SBS-weather research and the transfer of relevant findings
to operational settings. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1
Introduction 2 The Motivation for Integrating Social and Behavioral
Sciences Within the Weather Enterprise 3 Assessing the Current
State of Social and Behavioral Sciences Within the Weather
Enterprise 4 Social and Behavioral Sciences for Road Weather
Concerns 5 Research Needs for Improving the Nation's Weather
Readiness and Advancing Fundamental Social and Behavioral Science
Knowledge 6 A Framework to Sustainably Support and Effectively Use
Social and Behavioral Science Research in the Weather Enterprise 7
Summary of Key Findings and Recommendations References Appendix A:
Examples of Funding for Social and Behavioral Science Activities by
NOAA, NSF, DHS Appendix B: Lessons from SBS Integration into the
"Public Health Enterprise" Appendix C: People Who Provided Input to
the Committee Appendix D: Committee Biosketches Appendix E:
Acronyms
General
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