Steel is a common component of U.S. infrastructure, but that steel
can corrode when buried in soil, rock, or fill. Steel corrosion is
estimated to cost the United States 3-4 percent of its gross
domestic product every year, and it can lead to infrastructure
failure, loss of lives, property, disruption of energy and
transportation systems, and damage to the environment. Although the
mechanisms of steel corrosion are well understood, limited data on
subsurface corrosion and the inability to measure corrosivity
directly make accurate corrosion prediction through modeling a
challenge. When hazardous levels of corrosion does occur, it is
difficult to determine whether the cause was related to site
selection, engineering decisions, changes in subsurface conditions,
or a combination of these factors. This report explores the state
of knowledge and technical issues regarding the corrosion of steel
used for earth applications (e.g., for ground stabilization,
pipelines, and infrastructure foundations) in unconsolidated earth
or rock in different geologic settings. The report summarizes
mechanisms of steel corrosion, assesses the state of practice for
characterizing factors in the subsurface environment that influence
corrosion and corrosion rates, and assesses the efficacy and
uncertainties associated with quantitative, field, and laboratory
methods for predicting corrosion. The industries and experts most
involved with managing buried steel should collaborate to improve
multidisciplinary understanding of the processes that drive buried
steel corrosion. Developing a common lexicon related to buried
steel corrosion, generating new data on corrosion through
collaborative long-term experiments, sharing and managing data, and
developing new data analytical techniques to inform infrastructure
design, construction, and management decisions are key. Industries,
experts, and regulators should collaboratively develop decision
support systems that guide site characterization and help manage
risk. These systems and new data should undergird a common
clearinghouse for data on corrosion of buried steel, which will
ultimately inform better and more efficient management of buried
steel infrastructure, and protect safety and the environment. Table
of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Fundamentals of
Steel Corrosion, Industry Applications and Approaches, and Sources
of Corrosion Data 3 Subsurface Environment 4 Corrosion of Buried
Steel 5 Corrosion Protection for Buried Steel 6 Standard and
Evolving Subsurface Characterization 7 Standard and Evolving
Monitoring Practices 8 Predictive Modeling 9 Conclusions and
Recommendations References Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of
Committee Members Appendix B: Meeting Agendas and Workshop Appendix
C: Acronyms and Abbreviations
General
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