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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Social & political philosophy
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Bad Beliefs - Why They Happen to Good People (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R2,366
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Bad Beliefs - Why They Happen to Good People (Hardcover)
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This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC
BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford
Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and
selected open access locations. Bad beliefs - beliefs that
blatantly conflict with easily available evidence - are common.
Large minorities of people hold that vaccines are dangerous or
accept bizarre conspiracy theories, for instance. The prevalence of
bad beliefs may be politically and socially important, for instance
blocking effective action on climate change. Explaining why people
accept bad beliefs and what can be done to make them more
responsive to evidence is therefore an important project. A common
view is that bad beliefs are largely explained by widespread
irrationality. This book argues that ordinary people are rational
agents, and their beliefs are the result of their rational response
to the evidence they're presented with. We thought they were
responding badly to evidence, because we focused on the first-order
evidence alone: the evidence that directly bears on the truth of
claims. We neglected the higher-order evidence, in particular
evidence about who can be trusted and what sources are reliable.
Once we recognize how ubiquitous higher-order evidence is, we can
see that belief formation is by and large rational. The book argues
that we should tackle bad belief by focusing as much on the
higher-order evidence as the first-order evidence. The epistemic
environment gives us higher-order evidence for beliefs, and we need
to carefully manage that environment. The book argues that such
management need not be paternalistic: once we recognize that
managing the epistemic environment consists in management of
evidence, we should recognize that such management is respectful of
epistemic autonomy.
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