The Land Act of 1796 opened the gates for a flood of settlers into
the lands of the Upper Ohio River Valley. The natural clay soils of
the valley, coupled with an abundance of salt for glazing and the
Ohio River as a nearby source for transportation, laid the
foundation for what would become the pottery capital of the United
States. Naming their new towns for those they left
behind-Liverpool, Chester, Newell-English and Irish entrepreneurs
established factories for making crockery. The industry boomed and,
by the turn of the twentieth century, Ohio Valley pottery was being
exported throughout the world. The story of pottery production is
more than a list of manufacturers; the towns that grew around these
factories and the lifestyles of the people who worked in them
provide the social fabric of the Ohio Valley. From the early
pioneer villages of the "hand-thrown" period to the towns with
bustling shops and regular trolley service, residents built homes,
schools, and churches, creating thriving communities.
General
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