Across the globe vast areas that in the past supported natural
forests have either been deforested or have degraded. Data shows
that nearly 30 percent of the world's potential forest cover has
been completely cleared and a further 20 percent has been degraded.
But the silver lining is that still more than two billion hectares
of deforested and degraded forest landscapes worldwide have the
potential to be restored on sustainable basis. Land is one of the
most precious natural resource on which all human activities are
based. Changes in land use and land cover are therefore being
increasingly recognized as critical factors influencing global
change. While land cover and land use are often assumed to be
identical, they are rather quite different. Land cover may be
defined as the biophysical earth surface, while land use is often
shaped by human, socioeconomic and political influences on the
land. Last few decades have witnessed enhanced pace of landscape
alteration in India. Developmental activities as well as
anthropogenic causes have fragmented natural landscapes leading to
deteriorating bird and animal habitats and alterations of
biodiversity.
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