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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Philosophy of mind
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Self-Knowledge for Humans (Paperback)
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Self-Knowledge for Humans (Paperback)
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Human beings are not model epistemic citizens. Our reasoning can be
careless and uncritical, and our beliefs, desires, and other
attitudes aren't always as they ought rationally to be. Our beliefs
can be eccentric, our desires irrational and our hopes hopelessly
unrealistic. Our attitudes are influenced by a wide range of
non-epistemic or non-rational factors, including our character, our
emotions, and powerful unconscious biases. Yet we are rarely
conscious of such influences. Self-ignorance is not something to
which human beings are immune. In this book Quassim Cassam develops
an account of self-knowledge which tries to do justice to these and
other respects in which humans aren't model epistemic citizens. He
rejects rationalist and other mainstream philosophical accounts of
self-knowledge on the grounds that, in more than one sense, they
aren't accounts of self-knowledge for humans. Instead he defends
the view that inferences from behavioural and psychological
evidence are a basic source of human self-knowledge. On this
account, self-knowledge is a genuine cognitive achievement and
self-ignorance is almost always on the cards. As well as explaining
knowledge of our own states of mind, Cassam also accounts for what
he calls 'substantial' self-knowledge, including knowledge of our
values, emotions, and character. He criticizes philosophical
accounts of self-knowledge for neglecting substantial
self-knowledge, and concludes with a discussion of the value of
self-knowledge. This book tries to do for philosophy what
behavioural economics tries to do for economics. Just as
behavioural economics is the economics of homo sapiens, as distinct
from the economics of an ideally rational and self homo economics,
so Cassam argues that philosophy should focus on the human
predicament rather than on the reasoning and self-knowledge of an
idealized homo philosophicus.
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