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The Battle of Lissa, 1866 - How the Industrial Revolution Changed the Face of Naval Warfare (Hardcover)
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The Battle of Lissa, 1866 - How the Industrial Revolution Changed the Face of Naval Warfare (Hardcover)
Series: From Musket to Maxim 1815-1914
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Total price: R836
Discovery Miles: 8 360
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It has often been said that, so slow was the process of change in
naval warfare, Sir Francis Drake would if he was transported to the
quarterdeck of the Victory not feel out of place. Half a century on
from the end of the Napoleonic wars, a total transformation had
taken place in every aspect of naval warfare. As a result of the
Industrial Revolution the ships that fought the battle of Lissa
would have been unrecognisable to Drake The principal changes had
been the introduction of steam power, of shell guns and of armour
plating. The use of steam engines to power warships was
substantially assisted by the invention of the screw propeller
which quickly made paddle steamers obsolete. And the effect of
shell guns was hugely increased by the development of rifled
ordnance. The Industrial Revolution came first to Britain, and it
was here that the earliest experiments were made with steam engines
as a vessel's motive power. The replacement wood by iron as a
shipbuilding material also came slowly, and both innovations faced
considerable resistance from conservative opinion. Once the
Industrial Revolution spread through mainland Europe, it was often
in France that important breakthroughs were made, though contrary
to the opinion of earlier historians, the British Admiralty kept a
close watch on technological progress. The outbreak of the American
Civil War in 1861 powerfully accelerated developments in all
aspects of warship design. As other navies adopted the latest
technology it became apparent that the tactics of naval warfare
must also change. In 1866 Italy, in alliance with Prussia, went to
war against Austria, having built up a substantial fleet of
ironclads. The Austrians, too, had also acquired a number of
ironclads. The two fleets faced each other in a campaign in the
Adriatic, in which the Italian fleet was led by Admiral Carlo
Persano and that of Austria by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff. On
July 20, 1866 they met in what was to be the first fleet action of
the new age, and the encounter ended in a decisive victory for the
Austrian fleet. Much of the blame for the Italian defeat was laid
at Persano's door, while his opponent became a national hero. This
book is the first comprehensive account of the campaign of Lissa in
the English language for more than a century. It explores the
progress of naval shipbuilding and tactics in the period leading up
to 1866, together with the development of the Italian and Austrian
navies.
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