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Advances in Microbial Toxin Research and Its Biotechnological Exploitation (Hardcover, 2002 ed.)
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Discovery Miles 46 440
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Advances in Microbial Toxin Research and Its Biotechnological Exploitation (Hardcover, 2002 ed.)
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Microbial toxins are secondary metabolites that accumulate in the
organism and, to a large extent, are metabolically inactive towards
the organism that produces them. The discovery of penicillin, a
secondary metabolite of Penicillium notatum West (= P. chrysogenum
Thom), in 1929 marked a milestone in the development of antibiotics
(microbial toxins). In the intensive studies that followed this
discovery, scientists chemically characterized several new
molecules (toxins) from secondary metabolites of microbes, some
having a definite function in causing pathogenesis in plants.
Toxins are also known to playa significant role in inciting animal
(human) and insect diseases and as plant growth regulators. Many
common toxins have also been isolated from different microbes
exhibiting a wide spectrum of biological activity. Toxins are
broadly divisible into several characteristic groupings -
polyketides, oxygen heterocyclic compounds, pyrons, terpenoidS,
amino acids - diketopiperazines, polypeptides etc. Recent research
has indicated that these toxins play an important role in plant
pathogenesis, disease epidemics, plant breeding, biological control
of plant pathogens and insect pests, induced resistance,
plant-pathogen interactions etc. Toxins produced by weed pathogens
are exploited as lead molecules in developing environmentally
friendly herbicides.
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