The articles in this volume discuss the behavioral and social risks
that adolescents encounter. In addition, the papers describe both
internalizing problems (e.g., depression) and externalizing
problems (e.g., substance use and abuse, delinquency, and problems
relating to sexual behavior) that are relatively common among
adolescents. All of the papers in this volume are grounded in the
theoretical belief that adolescent behavior, including risk-taking
and problem behavior, as well as positive and healthy behavior,
results from complex interactions occurring between the adolescent
and the multiple levels of the adolescent's context. Moreover, many
of the papers in the current volume emphasize the importance of
examining the interactions between the adolescent and his/her
context longitudinally since changes in these relations take place
as adolescence progresses.
An important underlying theme throughout this volume is
diversity. As many of the articles stress, there is wide variation
in adolescent behaviors, including problem behaviors, in regard to
gender, race, ethnicity, and religiosity. This variation is evident
in problem behaviors ranging from internalizing behaviors such as
depression, with adolescent girls being much more likely to
experience depression than boys; to externalizing behaviors such as
precocious sexual activity and pregnancy, with African-Americans
adolescents being at a significantly greater risk for experiencing
these problems in comparison to adolescents from other racial
groups.
The articles in this volume also illustrate the point that
during adolescence, problem behaviors tend to co-occur. For
example, adolescent substance abusers tend to exhibitadditional
problem behaviors such as early sexual activity, delinquency, and
depression. Therefore, consistent with recent empirical work, these
articles advocate the study of the "whole" adolescent; in contrast
to the examination of isolated behaviors.
The underlying ideas presented in this volume have important
implications for prevention and intervention. Taken together, they
suggest that prevention and intervention programs targeting
adolescent problem behaviors should be comprehensive. Such programs
need to address the entire system -- the interaction of the "whole"
adolescent with his/her context. In addition, these articles
suggest that prevention and intervention programs need to encompass
variations in behaviors across adolescents, contexts, and time.
General
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