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African Maroons in Sixteenth-Century Panama - A History in Documents (Paperback)
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African Maroons in Sixteenth-Century Panama - A History in Documents (Paperback)
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From the 1520s through the 1580s, thousands of African slaves fled
captivity in Spanish Panama and formed their own communities in the
interior of the isthmus. African Maroons in Sixteenth-Century
Panama, a primary source reader, edited by Robert C. Schwaller,
documents this marronage in the context of five decades of African
resistance to slavery. The self-sufficiency of the Maroons, along
with their periodic raids against Spanish settlements, sparked
armed conflict as Spaniards sought to conquer the maroon
communities and kill or re-enslave their populations. After decades
of struggle, Maroons succeeded in negotiating a peace with Spanish
authorities and establishing the first two free Black towns in the
Americas. The little-known details of this dramatic history emerge
in these pages, traced through official Spanish accounts, reports,
and royal edicts, as well as excerpts from several English sources
that recorded alliances between Maroons and English privateers in
the region. The contrasting Spanish and English accounts reveal
Maroons' attempts to turn European antagonism to their advantage;
and, significantly, several accounts feature direct testimony from
Maroons. Most importantly, this reader includes translations of the
first peace agreements made between a European empire and African
Maroons, and the founding documents of the free-Black communities
of Santiago del PrIncipe and Santa Cruz la Real-the culmination of
the first successful African resistance movement in the Americas.
Schwaller has translated all the documents into English and
presents each with a short introduction, thorough annotations, and
full historical, cultural, and geographical context, making this
volume accessible to undergraduate students while remaining a
unique document collection for scholars.
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