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American Railroads - Decline and Renaissance in the Twentieth Century (Paperback)
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American Railroads - Decline and Renaissance in the Twentieth Century (Paperback)
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Once an icon of American industry, railroads fell into a long
decline beginning around the turn of the twentieth century.
Overburdened with regulation and often displaced by barge traffic
on government-maintained waterways, trucking on interstate
highways, and jet aviation, railroads measured their misfortune in
lost market share, abandoned track, bankruptcies, and unemployment.
Today, however, as Robert Gallamore and John Meyer demonstrate,
rail transportation is reviving, rescued by new sources of traffic
and advanced technology, as well as less onerous bureaucracy. In
1970, Congress responded to the industry's plight by consolidating
most passenger rail service nationwide into Amtrak. But
private-sector freight service was left to succeed or fail on its
own. The renaissance in freight traffic began in 1980 with the
Staggers Rail Act, which allowed railroad companies to contract
with customers for services and granted freedom to set most rates
based on market supply and demand. Railroads found new business
hauling low-sulfur coal and grain long distances in redesigned
freight cars, while double-stacked container cars moved a growing
volume of both international and domestic goods. Today, trains have
smaller crews, operate over better track, and are longer and
heavier than ever before. Near the end of the twentieth century,
after several difficult but important mergers, privately owned
railroads increased their investments in safe, energy-efficient,
environmentally friendly freight transportation. American Railroads
tells a riveting story about how this crucial U.S. industry managed
to turn itself around.
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