Systematists, comparative biologists, taxonomists and evolutionary
biologists all concern themselves with the evolutionary
relationships between animals and plants. Homology is the principle
underlying these disciplines. When looking at groups of organisms,
shared positional similarities (homologues) provide the raw data
from which hypotheses of common ancestry (homology) may be
suggested. In order to explore the relationship between homologues
(characters) and particular hypotheses of common ancestry, complex
matrices are devised, where homologues are coded, allowing theories
of homology to be developed and tested. Practically nothing has
been written about this matrix-building process and yet it is of
fundamental importance to our understanding of diversity and
evolutionary history. This book fills the gap by discussing the
different ways observations are coded and the consequences for the
resulting hypotheses. It takes a pragmatic approach and uses case
studies as well as theoretical examples to offer practical
solutions.
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