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Probabilistic Knowledge (Paperback)
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Probabilistic Knowledge (Paperback)
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Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on
the epistemic status of full beliefs. Sarah Moss argues that in
addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For
instance, your 0.4 credence that it is raining outside can
constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs
can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that
if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledge
is not knowledge of propositions, but of probabilistic contents.
The notion of probabilistic content introduced in this book plays a
central role not only in epistemology, but in the philosophy of
mind and language as well. Just as tradition holds that you believe
and assert propositions, you can believe and assert probabilistic
contents. Accepting that we can believe, assert, and know
probabilistic contents has significant consequences for many
philosophical debates, including debates about the relationship
between full belief and credence, the semantics of epistemic modals
and conditionals, the contents of perceptual experience, peer
disagreement, pragmatic encroachment, perceptual dogmatism, and
transformative experience. In addition, accepting probabilistic
knowledge can help us discredit negative evaluations of female
speech, explain why merely statistical evidence is insufficient for
legal proof, and identify epistemic norms violated by acts of
racial profiling. Hence the central theses of this book not only
help us better understand the nature of our own mental states, but
also help us better understand the nature of our responsibilities
to each other.
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