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Negotiating Neutrality - Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Age of Appeasement, 1931-1940 (Hardcover)
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Negotiating Neutrality - Anglo-Spanish Relations in the Age of Appeasement, 1931-1940 (Hardcover)
Series: LSE Studies in Spanish History
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The British governments policy of non-intervention in response to
the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War sought primarily to prevent
the conflict escalating into a wider European war but also to
ensure that it could maintain or establish cordial relations with
whichever side emerged victorious. Due to General Francos military
successes, the support he received from Fascist Italy and Nazi
Germany, and the geostrategic importance of the Iberian Peninsula
in Britains Mediterranean strategy, non-intervention evolved into a
policy of appeasing Franco. This sustained strategic programme
remained in place beyond the Civil War and throughout the Second
World War. It aimed to drive a wedge between Franco and the Axis
Powers to prevent Spains incorporation into the Rome-Berlin Axis
and thereby ensure the neutrality of the Iberian Peninsula. The
British governments diplomatic recognition of Franco and
simultaneous abandonment of the Spanish Republic in February 1939
formed a concession comparable to British policy towards Abyssinia
and Czechoslovakia. Negotiating Neutrality uses appeasement as an
analytical framework to show how appeasement policies alter power
dynamics in diplomatic relationships. As a beneficiary of
appeasement, Franco, like Hitler and Mussolini, intuitively
understood how to use this policy to his regimes advantage and it
formed an important part of his development as a statesman
alongside his German and Italian counterparts. For its part, the
British government increasingly encountered difficulties when
trying to re-assert itself as the dominant power in Anglo-Spanish
relations. In this sense, the author challenges the dominant view
within the existing historiography that British policy makers
harboured ideological prejudices towards the Spanish Republic, or
sympathy for the military rebels, and allowed these to cloud their
judgement when formulating a policy towards the Civil War to show
that Francos victory was far from the preferred outcome for the
British government. Published in association with the Canada Blanch
Centre for Contemporary Spanish Studies, LSE
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