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Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle - Myth and Metaphor in the Discovery of Geological Time (Paperback)
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Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle - Myth and Metaphor in the Discovery of Geological Time (Paperback)
Series: The Jerusalem-Harvard Lectures
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Rarely has a scholar attained such popular acclaim merely by doing
what he does best and enjoys most. But such is Stephen Jay Gould's
command of paleontology and evolutionary theory, and his gift for
brilliant explication, that he has brought dust and dead bones to
life, and developed an immense following for the seeming arcana of
this field. In Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle his subject is nothing
less than geology's signal contribution to human thought-the
discovery of "deep time," the vastness of earth's history, a
history so ancient that we can comprehend it only as metaphor. He
follows a single thread through three documents that mark the
transition in our thinking from thousands to billions of years:
Thomas Burnet's four-volume Sacred Theory of the Earth (1680-1690),
James Hutton's Theory of the Earth (1795), and Charles Lyell's
three-volume Principles of Geology (1830-1833). Gould's major theme
is the role of metaphor in the formulation and testing of
scientific theories-in this case the insight provided by the oldest
traditional dichotomy of Judeo-Christian thought: the
directionality of time's arrow or the immanence of time's cycle.
Gould follows these metaphors through these three great documents
and shows how their influence, more than the empirical observation
of rocks in the field, provoked the supposed discovery of deep time
by Hutton and Lyell. Gould breaks through the traditional
"cardboard" history of geological textbooks (the progressive march
to truth inspired by more and better observations) by showing that
Burnet, the villain of conventional accounts, was a rationalist
(not a theologically driven miracle-monger) whose rich
reconstruction of earth history emphasized the need for both time's
arrow (narrative history) and time's cycle (immanent laws), while
Hutton and Lyell, our traditional heroes, denied the richness of
history by their exclusive focus upon time's arrow.
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